Tetanus

 sää\kvþ  XSbm³ XSÊsa´v?

tUm. Pb{io. G.sI

{]Xntcm[uj[§fpsS AYhm hmIvkn\pIfpsS klmbt¯msS XSbm³ Ignbp¶ Hcp amcItcmKamWv sää\kv. aebmf¯n CXns\ IpXncȶn F¶p hnfn¨ncp¶p. IpXnc¨mWI¯neqvvsS Cu tcmKw ]Icp¶Xmbn I­XpsIm­mhmanXv. sää\knsâ AWp¡Ä IpXnc¨mWI¯n am{XaÃ, ]ip, BSv, XpS§nb aäv  arK§fpsS IpSenepw A§s\ AhbpsS hnkÀÖy¯nepapÅXmbn Is­¯nbn«p­v. CXv a\pjycpsS IpSenepw ImWp¶p. AXv Ipg¸vap­m¡pIbnÃ. AWp¡Ä apdnhn {]thin¡pt¼mgmWv AkpJap­mIp¶Xv.

AXnPoh\wþ tcmKmWp¡fpvvtSXpw \½ptSXpw

FÃm PohnIfpw Pohn¡m\mbn {ian¡pIbmWv. sää\kv _mÎocnbIÄ hfsc¡mew Dd§n Pohn¡m³ ]cym]vXamb kvt]mdpIfp­m¡nbmWv \ne\n¡p¶Xv. Ch a®nepw s]mSnbnepw aäpw hÀj§tfmfw Pohn¡pw. km[mcW AWpkw-lmcnIsfbpw Bivp]{XnIfnepw aäpw AWphnapàn¡mbn sN¿p¶ Hmt«mt¢hnt\bpw AXnPohn¡m³ Ch¡p Ignbpw. a\pjyicoc¯nse apdnhpIfnse¯pt¼mÄ Ch hncnªv ]qÀ®cq]w ssI hcn¡pw. sN­t¡mepIsf A\pkvacn¸n¡p¶ cq]¯n Ahsb kq£va ZÀin\nbneqsS ImWm³ km[n¡pw. B kab¯v ChÀ \nÀ½n¡p¶ hnjhkvXp¡fmWv a\pjyÀ¡v A]ISambn¯ocp¶Xv. NnInÕ sIm­p t]mepw a\pjyÀ¡v tcmKs¯ AXnPohn¡m³ an¡t¸mgpw IgnbmdnÃ. 80 iXam\¯n IqSpX t]cpw acn¡pIbmWv sN¿p¶Xv. AXnPohn¡m³ a\pjyvÀ¡n¶pÅ ^e{]Zamb amÀ¤w hmIvkn\pIfmWv. a\pjycvn \n¶pw a\pjycnte¡v Cu tcmKw ]IcnsöXv BizmkIcamWv.

tcmK¯nsâ thZ\IÄ

Fsâ Ip«n¡me¯v ASp¯ _Ôphnsâ ho«n tPmen sNbvXncp¶ Hcp bphXn sää\kv _m[n¨v  acn¨XmWv C¶pw CsX¸vänbpÅ Fsâ iàamb HmÀ½. I­p \n¡p¶hÀ¡p IqSn hnjaap­m¡p¶ Xc¯nemWv CXnsâ e£W§Ä . {][m\ambpw \mUnItfbpw kpjpw\tbbpw _m[n¡p¶ Cu tcmKw amwkt]inIfn AanXamb {]XnNe\§fp (dn^vfIvkv)­m¡p¶p. km[mcW Imäpw shfn¨hpw t]mepw t]inIÄ henªp apdpIp¶Xn\nSbm¡p¶p. apJt¯bpw Igp¯ntebpw  DZc¯ntebpsaÃmw t]inIÄ CXn\Sns¸Sq¶p. i¶nbptSXp t]mepÅ e£W§fp­mIpw.

\½psS \m«nÂ

tIcf¯n {]Xntcm[Ip¯nhbvs]Sp¡p¶Xn\mepw  {]kh§Ä an¡hmdpw Bip]{XnIfn \S¡p¶Xn\mepw Cu tcmKw hfscb[nIw ImWp¶nÃ. F¶m IgnªmgvN ASp¸n¨v c­v t]À¡v CXp­mbn I­Xv CsX¸än IqSpX Nn´n¡m\nSbm¡n. hnIknX cmPy§fn A]qÀhamtb Cu tcmKw D­mIp¶pÅq.  C³Uybnse ]e kw-kv Ym\§fnepw BtcmKytkh\§Ä IpdhmbXp sIm­pw ipNnbmb A´co£¯n Pohn¡m³ Ignbm¯XpsIm­pw [mcmfw \hPmXinip¡Ä CXp aqew acn¡p¶p­v. AXn\p tijapÅ Ip«nIfpsS acW¯n C³Uybn IqSpXembpw B¬Ipªp§fnemWnXv ImWp¶Xv. CXn\p ImcWambn c­v hkvXpXIÄ ]dªp hcp¶p. B¬Ip«nIsf am{XamWv Bip]{XnIfnse¯n¡m³ ho«pImÀ hy{KX ImWn¡p¶sX¶XmWv Hcp hniZoIcWw. B¬Ipªp§Ä¡v Pohimkv{X]cambn¯s¶ tcmK¯n\Sns¸Sm\pÅ km²yX IqSpXemsW¶XmWv thsdm¶v. hym]Iamb {]Xntcm[Ip¯nhbv]p \S¯p¶ CS§fnemWv CXv Ipdªp ImWp¶Xv.  

BscbmWv IqSpXÂ _m[n¡p¶Xv?

Gähpw IqSpX acWw \S¡p¶Xv ]pXpXmbn P\n¨ Ipªp§fnepw A½amcnepamWv.  {]khkab¯v apdnhpW§ms\¶ hnizmk¯nsems¡ Nne kapZmb§fn \S¡p¶ {]hr¯nIÄ CXn\p ImcWamhp¶p­v. Nmcw, NmWIw XpS§nbh apdnhn h¨v sI«p¶Xv CXn\pZmlcWamWv. Irjn¡mcnepw arK§sf hfÀ¯p¶hcnepw Cu tcmK¯n\v kzm`mhnIambpw km²yXtbdpw. Bg¯nepÅ apdnhpIÄ am{XaÃ, apÅpw kqNnbpw Xd¡pI, s]mÅte¡pI, Aimkv{Xobambn At_mÀj³ \S¯pI, XpS§nbhsbms¡ AWp¡Ä DÅn IS¡p¶Xn\p ImcWamImw. tcmKmWp¡Ä DÅn {]thin¨m {]mbt`Z§fnÃmsX FÃmhcpw tcmK¯n\Sns¸Spw. KÀ`mØmhØbn XpS§n hmÀ²Iyw _m[n¨hcn hsc CXp aqew acWw kw-`hn¡p¶p. \Kc§fn IpdhmsW¦nepw hr¯n Ipdª Npäp]mSpIfn CXv Gdn¡mWp¶p.

F§s\ XSbmw?

tcmKmWp¡sf¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhv Xs¶bmWv  tcmKw XSbm³ klmbIamIp¶Xv. h fsc¡mew a®n Pohn¡m\pÅ Cu AWp¡fpsS Ignhv, km[mcW AWpkw-lmcnIsfsbms¡ AXnPohn¡m\pÅ tijn, Ch D­m¡p¶ hnj¯nsâ ImTn\yw, Hcn¡Â _m[n¨hcn t]mepw {]Xntcm[tijn D­mImXncn¡Â F¶nhsbms¡ {]XnIqeLSI§fmWv. F¶ncp¶mepw CXn\v ^e{]Zamb hmIvkn³ Ds­¶Xv KpWIc amWv. CXns\ ASnkvYm\s¸Sp¯n temImtcmKykw-LS\ 2005 HmsS \hPmX inip¡fnse sää\kv CÃmXm¡m\pÅ Blzm\hpw \ÂInbncp¶p. F¶menXv km[n¨n«nÃ. Pm{KX ]peÀ¯nbm CXv km[n¡mhp¶tXbpÅq.

{i²nt¡­ Imcy§Ä ChbmWv.

 apdnhp­mbmÂ, sää\kv tämIvtkmbvUv CRvP£³ FSp¡m³ aSn ImWn¡cpXv. apdnhv \¶mbn IgpIn hr¯nbm¡Ww. GsX¦nepw Bânsk]vänIv emb\n D]tbmKnv¡mw. Nne kµÀ`§fn tUmIvSdpsS \nÀt±i{]Imcw CavbpsWmKvtfm_pen³ IqSn \ÂImdq­v. Bân_tbm«vn¡pw BhiyamWv.

inip¡fpsS kpc£sb IcpXn KÀ`Ime¯v sää\kv tämIvtkmbvUv CRvP£³ FSp¡Ww. {{]khkab¯v ]men¡p¶v ipNnXz kw-hn[m\w ]ca{][m\amWv.

Ipªp§Ä¡pÅ CRvP£³ \½psS \m«n hym]IamsW¦nepw, Dt]£ Im«p¶hcpw [mcmfap­v. {Sn¸nÄ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ hmIvkn³ P\\¯n\p tijw BdmgvN apX FSp¯p XpS§Ww.  Hcp amkw- CShn«v aq¶v {]mhiyhpw  AXn\p tijw H¶chÀj¯nepw 5 hÀj¯nepw BhÀ¯n¨pw hmIvkn³ FSp¡Ww.

sää\kv Hcn¡Â D­mbhcn A¡mcWw sIm­v v {]Xntcm[tijn D­mIp¶nÃ. AXn\m  tcmK¯n \n¶v apàn t\Sp¶hÀ¡pw hmIvkn³ BhiyamWv.

A]qÀÆambmsW¦nepw AhnShnvsSbp­mIp¶ tcmK§Ä Pm{KXtbmsS ]n´pSÀ¶v th­ \S]SnIsfSp¡pI. AXn\mbn tcmKw Ipdª Øe§fmsW¦nepw Hmtcm tcmKnIfptSbpw hnhc§Ä A[nImcnIfpsS {i²bn s]Spt¯­Xp­v.

XSbm\pÅ XSÊsa´v?

tIcf¯n C¶pw Ch D­mIp¶Xv XSbm³ XSÊsa´mWv? imkv{X¯nsâ D]m[nIÄ PohnXs¯ t]mjn¸n¡Wsa¦n ]e A\pIqe kmlNcy§fpap­mIWw. ASp¯ ka b¯v I­ tcmK_m[nXÀ DÄ\mS³ {Kma§fnse Irjn¡mcmWv. AhÀ¡nXns\ ¡pdn¨v Adn hp­mbncp¶nÃ. Cu AdnhnÃmbvabmWv Hcp XSÊw. C¯cw kvYe§Ä Is­¯n \nXm´Pm{KXtbmsS CSs]tS­Xp­v. CXns\¡pdn¨dnhpÅ GsXmcmÄ¡pw CXv sN¿mw.

BtcmKycwK¯v kv{XoIfpsS {]Xo£IÄ

tUm: Pb{io. G.sI

s]mXpth AwKoIcn¡s¸«  FÃm kqNnIIfpw ImWn¡p¶Xv tIcf¯nse kv{XoIfpsS sa¨s¸« BtcmKymhkvYbmWv. F¶mÂ, s]mXphmb AfhpIÄ¡¸pd¯v kv{XoIfpsS  A\p`h§Ä km£ys¸Sp¯pt¼mgpw A[nImc¯ntâbpw XpeyXbptSbpw am\ZÞ§fp]tbmKn¡pt¼mgpw \ap¡v t]mcmbvaIÄ [mcmfamWv. tIcf¯n C¶v BtcmKy]cnc£¡v shÃphnfnbmbn ¯oÀ¶n«pÅXv {]mbtadnbhcpsS F®w, PohnX ssieotcmK§Ä, am\knIk½À±w aqeapÅ {]iv\§Ä, KmÀlnI]oU\w, kv{XoIÄs¡Xncmb A{Iaw F¶nhbmWv.

kv{XoIfpsS BbpÀssZÀLyw  ChnSps¯  ]pcpj·mtc¡mfpw, aäv kw-Øm\§fnse kv{XoIsf At]£n¨pw IqSpXemWv. CXv KpWIcamb Hcp \nehmcamWv. AtX kabw Xs¶ {]mbamb kv{XoIfpsS PohnX¯nsâ KpW\nehmcw ]cntim[n¨m A{X tim`\amb Hcp Nn{Xw In«pIbnÃ. hmÀ²Iyt¯mS\p_Ôn¨p­mIp¶ tcmKt¯msSm¸w Xs¶ Ahsc ]cnc£n¡\mcpanà F¶ AhØbpw  \ne \n¡p¶p. sshImcnIambpw km¼¯nIambpw  kv{XoIÄ `À¯mhnt\bpw Ip«nItfbpw B{ibn¨mWv Pohn¡p¶Xv. `À¯mhnsâ acW¯n\pw Ip«nIÄ hnhmlw Ign¨v thsd amdp¶Xn\pw tijw ChÀ FÃm Xc¯nepw Häs¸Sp¶p. Iptdt¸À ]£mLmXw, Iym³kÀ F¶nh t]msebpÅ tcmK§Ä ]nSn s]t«m AØn¡v s]m«ep­mtbm Hs¡ aäpÅhcpsS klmbw BhiyapÅhcmWv.

tIcf¯nse kv{XoIfn  s]m®¯Sn, {]talw, ÀàmXnk½À±w F¶nhsbÃmw aäpÅ kvYes¯ At]£n¨pw  ChnSps¯ ]pcpj·msc At]£n¨pw IqSpXembmWv ImWp¶Xv. CsXÃmw PohnXssienbpambn _Ôs¸«hbmWv. kv{XoIfpsS Ne\kzmX{´yw Gähpw Ipdªncn¡p¶Xnsâ Hcp shfns¸Sp¯embn CXns\ ImWmw. ho«ptPmenIÄ¡¸pd¯v hnt\mZ¯nteÀvs¸Sm\pw Ifn¡m\pw shdptX \S¡m\pw HmSm\psams¡ kmwkvImcnIamb Nne hne¡pIÄ \½psS kaql¯n kv{XoIÄ¡v t\cnSmdp­v. CsXms¡bmWv BtcmKyIcamb Hcp PohnXssienbnte¡v amdp¶Xn\v ChÀ¡v XSÊamIp¶Xv.

kv{XoIÄ A\p`hn¡p¶ am\knIkw-LÀj¯n\p sXfnhmbn hÀ²n¨ BßlXym{iahpw am\knI]ncnapdp¡hpw ImWm³ km[n¡pw. k¦oÀ®amb IpSpw_þkmaqly_Ô§fmWnXn\v Ifsamcp¡p¶Xv. BßlXym{ia¯n\pÅ {][m\ImcWambn ImWp¶Xv IpSpw__Ô§fnse {]iv\§fmWv. KmÀlnI]oU\hpw hÀ²n¨p hcp¶ hnhmltamN\§fpw CXpambn tNÀ¯p a\Ênem¡Ww.

CtXmsSm¸w Xs¶ s]mXphmbn BtcmKycwKw ssIhcn¨ t\«§fpsS ]¦v e`n¡m¯  kv{Xohn`mK§fpw Ipdª F®¯nemsW¦nepw ChnsSbp­v. BZnhmknIsft¸mse `qanimkv{X]cambpw kmwkvImcnIambpw thÀXncn¡s¸«hcpw ssewKnI\yq\]£§sft¸mse kmaqlyamb Abn¯w aqew {]m´h¡cn¡s¸«hcpw CXn s]Sp¶p.

kmt¦XnIambn anIhp ]peÀ¯p¶ BtcmKyØm]\§fpsS Hcp irwJe Xs¶ \½psS kw-kv Ym\¯n\p­v. AXv th­XpamWv. F¶m AkaXzhpw Abn¯hpw t]msebpÅ kmaqlyamb {]iv\§Ä¡v kmt¦XnI ]cnlmcw am{Xw aXnbmhpIbnÃ. P\Iob ]¦mfn¯t¯msSbpÅ BtcmKy{]Øm\§Ä¡v \bcq]oIcW¯n ]¦p­mhpIbpw BtcmKy kvYm]\§fn tkmjy HmUnäv \S¸m¡pIbpw thWw. Bhiy¯ne[nIamb kntkdnb³ Hm¸tdj\pIÄ, ]cntim[\IÄ F¶nh Hgnhm¡p¶Xn\v CXv ^e{]Zambncn¡pw.

saUn¡Â cwK¯v KthjW§Ä \S¡m¯Xns\mcp ImcWw A¡mZanIv kvYm]\§fnse ss{]häv {]mÎokmWv. Cu kw-kvImcw amän \½psS \m«nse BtcmKy{]iv\§Ä IqSpX ]Tn¡m³ Cu Øm]\§fnepÅhsc  t{]mÕmln¸n¡p¶ Xc¯nepÅ Xocpam\§Ä Khs×âv ssI sImÅWw. kvv{XoIfpsS khntij{]iv\§sf ¸än ]Tn¡m\pÅ ]²XnIfpw thWw.

tcmK§Ä hcp¶Xv XSbp¶Xn\pw ZoÀLIme]cnNcW¯n\pw ]cnioen¡s¸« k¶²{]hÀ¯IcpsS tkh\w D]tbmKs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv. FÃm¯n\pw tUmIvSÀamtcbpw sslsSIv sajo\pItfbpw B{ibnt¡­XnÃ. tUmÎÀamcpsSbpw aäv hnZKv²cptSbpw tkh\w Gähpw DNnXambn D]tbmKn¡m\pw sSIvt\mfPn Gähpw Imcy£aambn D]tbmKn¡m\pw IgnbWw. BtcmKy{]hÀ¯IÀ¡v sN¿mhp¶ Imcy§Ä Ahsc G¸n¡pIbmWv CXn\pÅ amÀ¤w. tIcf¯nse AwK³hmSn {]hÀ¯IÀ, Bi hÀ¡ÀamÀ XpS§nbhsc \½psS BtcmKymhiy§Ä¡\pkcn¨v ]p\:]cnioen¸n¡Ww.  ho«nepw ]pd¯pw BtcmKytkh\¯nsâ apJy]¦v hln¡p¶Xv kv{XoIfmbXn\m AhcpsS t£a¯n\mbn hn`h§Ä Is­¯n hnXcWw sNbvtX aXnbmIq. Bi hÀ¡ÀamÀ¡pw aäpw ta·bpÅ ]cnioe\hpw thX\hpw \ÂIWw.  ho «n\pÅnse AanXm²zm\w IW¡m¡n IpSpw_n\nIÄ¡pw Bhiyamb kvIoapIÄ \S¸m¡Ww. BtcmKytkh\¯n\p \ÂIp¶ AwKoImcw AXnsâ KpW\nehmcw hÀ²n¸n¡pw. IpSpw_{io t]msebpÅ kzbwklmbkw-L§sf \ne \nÀ¯m\pw hfÀ¯nsbSp¡m\pw {i²nt¡­XmWv. kv{XoIfpsS hnZym`ymk¯n ssIhcn¨ t\«w imàoIcW¯nte¡v NphSp h¡pt¼mÄ, icoc¯nsâ taepÅ kzbw \nÀ®bmhImiw AXn{][m\amWv. C¯cw kw-cw`§Ä¡v Khs×ân \n¶pw km¼¯nIambpw kmt¦XnIambpapÅ klmbw BhiyamWv. C¶s¯ BtcmKykw-hn[m\¯nse kvXvdoIÄ¡pÅ A]cym]vXXIÄ shfnhm¡p¶ ]T\KthjW§Ä \S¯Ww. Bip]{XnIfn tcmKnIfpw Iq«ncn¸pImcpamb kv{XoIÄ¡pÅ kzImcyX, AXn\mhiyamb Øew F¶nh F{Xt¯mfw e`yamsW¶Xns\¸änbpÅ ]T\w, KmÀlnI]oU\hpw kv{XoIfpsS BtcmKyhpambpÅ _Ôw, IpSpw_¯n\pÅnse kw-LÀjw aqeap­mIp¶ am\knIþ imcocnImkzmØy§sf¡pdn¨pÅ ]T\w F¶nhsbms¡ DZmlcW§fmWv.

A]IShpw ]cnØnXn{]iv\§fpamWv tIcf¯nsâ BtcmKycwKs¯  s]mXphmb shÃphnfnIÄ. tdmU]IS\nb{´Ww, {]Yaip{iqj, \o´Â, ]cnkcipNoIcWw F¶nh ]mTy]²XnbpsS `mKam¡Ww. ]cnkcaen\oIcWw, s]mXpØe§fnse]pIhen\ntcm[w, ambw tNÀ¡Â F¶nhsbms¡ IrXyamb \nba\S]SnIÄ¡v hnt[bam¡Ww.